Design simulation helps manufacturers verify and validate the intended function of a product under development, as well as the manufacturability of the product. The word “simulation” is often used as generic term for computer-aided engineering (CAE). Several design simulation approaches have become standard components of product development in many industries, and they continue to grow in importance as inexpensive, faster computers and affordable, easy-to-use design simulation software allow users to address new technologies and applications.

Simulation models are sets of mathematical equations representing the behavior of the system in a physical domain of interest. The complexity of the mathematics depends on availability of data and varies in function of the application and the design stage.

In early development, typically more simple system representations use analytical assumptions and verify the interaction between several physical aspects on a concept-level. In late development stages, typically very complex, application-specific models are used for validation and refinement. The applications can cover aspects such as structural behavior, acoustics, system dynamics, crash-worthiness, thermal and flow analysis, stress analysis, fuel economy, controls development and much more.